Alright, so I tried to put the capsule back together again last weekend, but it didn't work as it should.
When I reinsert all the parts to the capsule and attach it to the microphone body, I can hear a "woosh" (wind like) sound that cuts in and out. Only when I hold the microphone upright (capsule pointing to the sky) the woosh sound stops and I can hear (albeit very softly) my voice when speaking into the microphone.
To rule out any other possible defects in the electronics, I have tested with a known good capsule and everything works perfectly.
So, it looks like not all the parts are in the right place. However, I'm still interested to undertake some more steps in getting this capsule to work again. Klaus, you talk about this spacer between back plate resonator and backplate. Just to be 100% sure about the terminology, the part that's called the resonator is the little round metal plate that is closest to the microphone body when screwed together? (I've attached a picture of the parts I have, would it be the piece in the upper right corner of my picture?)
If so, there's no spacer ring between this and the backplate...
If you look closely at my picture, you can see a circle in the middle of the backplate, I presume this is the location where the spacer ring should have been?