I just know some meters put out 9VDC to test for resistance, which i thought might damage the coils.
On "continuity" my Wavetek puts out 1.5 VDC, on resistance measuring setting 0.3VDC.
I cannot imagine that a transformer which has to absorb at start=up more than 150VDC on the primaries, could be damaged from such low voltage (and exceedingly low current flow).
Is the DC resistance the best way to date a T14?
No. You need to look at construction, lamination, labeling / print, color, type of lead out wires, etc. Post a picture, and we'll take a look at it.